01 Read
What happened
The 16th National Meet of State Biodiversity Boards and Union Territory Biodiversity Councils convened in Chandigarh, hosted by the Punjab Governor, to deliberate on effective implementation of India's biodiversity governance framework at state and local levels. The meet brings together representatives from all State Biodiversity Boards under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, focusing on operationalising Biodiversity Management Committees, People's Biodiversity Registers, and aligning state-level action with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework targets.
02 Understand
Why it matters
India's three-tier biodiversity governance structure, established under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, is the static backbone behind this news event. At the apex sits the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), headquartered in Chennai, under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Below it are State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs) in each state, and at the grassroots level, Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) at every local body — gram panchayats, municipalities, and town councils.
BMCs are mandated to prepare People's Biodiversity Registers (PBRs), which document local biological resources, their habitats, folk varieties, cultivars, and traditional knowledge. PBRs are among the most exam-tested instruments in this domain because they sit at the intersection of conservation, intellectual property, and rural livelihood protection.
The Biological Diversity Act, 2002, implements India's obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), 1992, and the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (2022) — adopted at COP15 of the CBD — set the 30×30 target: protect 30% of land and oceans by 2030.
The National Biodiversity Authority regulates access to biological resources by foreign entities, prior informed consent requirements, and benefit-sharing arrangements. Violations attract penalties under the Act. State Biodiversity Boards handle access by Indians for commercial purposes, while BMCs manage conservation at the local level.
For NABARD aspirants, the BMC-PBR chain connects directly to tribal and rural livelihoods, forest produce, and the documentation of agro-biodiversity — all of which underpin rural credit and ecological project financing.
BMCs are mandated to prepare People's Biodiversity Registers (PBRs), which document local biological resources, their habitats, folk varieties, cultivars, and traditional knowledge. PBRs are among the most exam-tested instruments in this domain because they sit at the intersection of conservation, intellectual property, and rural livelihood protection.
The Biological Diversity Act, 2002, implements India's obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), 1992, and the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (2022) — adopted at COP15 of the CBD — set the 30×30 target: protect 30% of land and oceans by 2030.
The National Biodiversity Authority regulates access to biological resources by foreign entities, prior informed consent requirements, and benefit-sharing arrangements. Violations attract penalties under the Act. State Biodiversity Boards handle access by Indians for commercial purposes, while BMCs manage conservation at the local level.
For NABARD aspirants, the BMC-PBR chain connects directly to tribal and rural livelihoods, forest produce, and the documentation of agro-biodiversity — all of which underpin rural credit and ecological project financing.
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